Descendants [132], William took over an English government that was more complex than the Norman system. London, S.E., 1892, states that John Gray of that place had the following of Gray have sprung, (IV) William de Grey and (V) Henry de Grey. man shot, but the first to die at the Boston Massacre on March 5, 1770. Early Life. [1] The brothers had been at odds over the succession, and Richard's death was sudden. This band of young men went to the castle at Remalard, where they proceeded to raid into Normandy. Richilde proposed marriage to William fitzOsbern, who was in Normandy, and fitzOsbern accepted. at Salem, Boston, Plymouth and Yarmouth and in the provinces of Connecticut Before he became a monk, Simon handed his county of the Vexin over to King Philip. There are a few like He made arrangements for the governance of England in early 1067 before returning to Normandy. In England and Ireland Grey is still used, in Scotland William spent most of his time in England between the Battle of Hastings and 1072, and after that, he spent the majority of his time in Normandy. His marriage to Matilda appears to have been quite affectionate, and there are no signs that he was unfaithful to her unusual in a medieval monarch. Valiant service during a 1066 expedition to England with William the Conqueror earned the Grays high position in political circles. [51] Examination of William's femur, the only bone to survive when the rest of his remains were destroyed, showed he was approximately 5feet 10inches (1.78m) in height. [2] At an ecclesiastical council held in Lillebonne in 1080, he was confirmed in his ultimate authority over the Norman church. [112], The exact reason for the rebellion is unclear, but it was launched at the wedding of Ralph to a relative of Roger, held at Exning in Suffolk. William I (c. 1028 - 9 September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard, was the first Norman monarch of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 1087.A descendant of Rollo, he was Duke of Normandy from 1035 onward. Medieval chroniclers frequently referred to 11th-century events only by the season, making more precise dating impossible. [78] William of Poitiers also relates that the duke obtained the consent of Pope Alexander II for the invasion, along with a papal banner. Robert and Pardon who left a record for all to see. His holdings included nine thirtieths of the "They built castles far and wide, oppressing the unhappy people", wept the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle for 1066. The union of the Grays with the royal line of Tudor was by the marriage He marched to the River Tees, ravaging the countryside as he went. [77] The last claimant was William of Normandy, against whose anticipated invasion King Harold Godwinson made most of his preparations. [60] The trip is unlikely given William's absorption in warfare with Anjou at the time. of the duke of Suffolk, with Mary, daughter of Henry VII and the sister had two sons, both named John. support the effort with food, money and work in recruiting and organization. Medieval writers criticised William for his greed and cruelty, but his personal piety was universally praised by contemporaries. Alfred returned to England in 1036 to visit his mother and perhaps to challenge Harold as king. followed by that of her father, the Duke of Suffolk, and his brothers, Harold stopped in London, and was there for about a week before marching to Hastings, so it is likely that he spent about a week on his march south, averaging about 27 miles (43 kilometres) per day,[81] for the distance of approximately 200 miles (320 kilometres). [i] The marriage nevertheless went ahead some time in the early 1050s,[43][j] possibly unsanctioned by the pope. Walcher was killed on 14 May 1080, and the king dispatched his half-brother Odo to deal with the rebellion. [93] These captures secured William's rear areas and also his line of retreat to Normandy, if that was needed. Edward, son of Edward of Plymouth, went on to be a founder of Tiverton, Six of the names in the John Gray Prescott Sheldon Bush (1895-1972), US Senator. [2] Knowledge of the events preceding his death is confused because there are two different accounts. [1][8][d] He was the only son of Robert I, son of Richard II. of that parish for some years. [64] William appointed a Norman to the bishopric of Le Mans in 1065. The seal shows a mounted knight and is the first extant example of an. Gray, had become proprietors of the island of Nantasket in Boston Harbor Harold assembled an army and a fleet to repel William's anticipated invasion force, deploying troops and ships along the English Channel for most of the summer. in and about London. [2] Although he put two Normans in overall charge, he retained many of the native English sheriffs. The historian Eleanor Searle speculates that William was raised with the three cousins who later became important in his career William fitzOsbern, Roger de Beaumont, and Roger of Montgomery. William I (c. 1028 - 9 September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard, was the first Norman king of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 1087.A descendant of Rollo, he was Duke of Normandy from 1035 onward. most eventful periods of English history. [61] By 1050, however, relations between the king and the earl had soured, culminating in a crisis in 1051 that led to the exile of Godwin and his family from England. The period from 1047 to 1054 saw almost continuous warfare, with lesser crises continuing until 1060. Known as 'William the Bastard' to his contemporaries, his illegitimacy shaped his career when he was young. [35] William was engaged in military actions against his own nobles throughout 1053,[36] as well as with the new Archbishop of Rouen, Mauger. [71], Harold was crowned on 6 January 1066 in Edward's new Norman-style Westminster Abbey, although some controversy surrounds who performed the ceremony. [6], After Cnut's death in 1035, the English throne fell to Harold Harefoot, his son by his first wife, while Harthacnut, his son by Emma, became king in Denmark. [138] He was taken to the priory of Saint Gervase at Rouen, where he died on 9 September 1087. afterward queen of Edward IV; Thomas Grey, created Marquis of Dorset in [56] Another important appointment was that of William's half-brother, Odo, as Bishop of Bayeux in either 1049 or 1050. Members of the Gray or de Gray family later ride with William the Conqueror to defeat the Brittish at the Battle of Hastings(1066). British Monarch. [113] Ralph's authority seems also to have been less than his predecessors in the earldom, and this was likely the cause of his involvement in the revolt. All the English counties south of the River Tees and River Ribble are included, and the whole work seems to have been mostly completed by 1 August 1086, when the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records that William received the results and that all the chief magnates swore the Salisbury Oath, a renewal of their oaths of allegiance. The diploma is dated 8th January 1639, * which was afterwards ratified in parliament, 17th November 1641. It was said that Walter, William's maternal uncle, was occasionally forced to hide the young duke in the houses of peasants,[23] although this story may be an embellishment by Orderic Vitalis. This income was collected by the chamber, one of the household departments. [119] The king was at Gloucester for Christmas 1080 and at Winchester for Whitsun in 1081, ceremonially wearing his crown on both occasions. [116] William immediately attacked the rebels and drove them from Remalard, but King Philip gave them the castle at Gerberoi, where they were joined by new supporters. [45] Contemporary writers considered the marriage, which produced four sons and five or six daughters, to be a success. He died in September 1087 while leading a campaign in northern France, and was buried in Caen. a Welch leader, was having a dispute with another Reginald de Grey, and Stigand and his brother, thelmr, the Bishop of Elmham, were deposed from their bishoprics. to Robert, Duke of Normandy. [96] Once in Normandy the new English king went to Rouen and the Abbey of Fecamp,[94] and then attended the consecration of new churches at two Norman monasteries. [127], By William's death, after weathering a series of rebellions, most of the native Anglo-Saxon aristocracy had been replaced by Norman and other continental magnates. John, Lord of Gray, whose son Anschetil de up to that time in Plymouth. [99] Waltheof, who had joined the revolt, submitted, along with Gospatric, and both were allowed to retain their lands. King Philip of France later relieved the siege and defeated William at the Battle of Dol in 1076, forcing him to retreat back to Normandy. Robert also had a commission issued He finally crossed the Thames at Wallingford in early December. Robert also married his half-sister Bertha to King Philip I of France, who was opposed to Norman power. left and came back later with some help, but Sams friends came to his aid worldwide traders. According to the Norman writer William of Jumiges, William had meanwhile sent an embassy to King Harold Godwinson to remind Harold of his oath to support William's claim, although whether this embassy actually occurred is unclear. [13] Conditions in Normandy were unsettled, as noble families despoiled the Church and Alan III of Brittany waged war against the duchy, possibly in an attempt to take control. Nevertheless, despite all the high-tech stuff, you can't beat good old text! [3] Normandy may have been used as a base when Scandinavian attacks on England were renewed at the end of the 10th century, which would have worsened relations between England and Normandy. He was of Viking extraction. He married Matilda of Flanders in 1051, in Normandy, France. It is unclear what exactly happened at Edward's deathbed. Ecclesiastical offices continued to be held by the same bishops as before the invasion, including the uncanonical Stigand. There were probably other reasons for William's delay, including intelligence reports from England revealing that Harold's forces were deployed along the coast. [139], William's grave is currently marked by a marble slab with a Latin inscription dating from the early 19th century. The Vexin was a buffer state between Normandy and the lands of the French king, and Simon had been a supporter of William. From there, he ravaged the interior and waited for Harold's return from the north, refusing to venture far from the sea, his line of communication with Normandy. Tostig appears to have received little local support, and further raids into Lincolnshire and near the River Humber met with no more success, so he retreated to Scotland, where he remained for a time. It resulted in a work now known as the Domesday Book. [112] Roger was a Norman, son of William fitzOsbern, but had inherited less authority than his father held. . Lady Jane Gray(Queen of England for several days only) was a direct decendant. The listing for each county gives the holdings of each landholder, grouped by owners. There were farmers, fishermen and tradesmen. John, Lord of Gray, whose son Anschetil de Gray was one of William the Conquerors companions in arms at the battle of Hastings, and was recorded in the Domesday Book (a record complied by a royal commission set up by William in 1085-86), as lord of many manors and lordships in the counties of Oxford and . Modern historians have come to the conclusion that the New Forest depopulation was greatly exaggerated. Orderic also related that Odo had attempted to persuade some of William's vassals to join Odo in an invasion of southern Italy. de Gray, who was in high favor with King Richard I and King John. Abraham Gray is mentioned as among the Pilgrim refugees at Leyden, William then moved to Hastings, a few miles to the east, where he built a castle as a base of operations. Henry was still a minor, however, and Sweyn was more likely to support Harold, who could then help Sweyn against the Norwegian king, so these claims should be treated with caution. [143] How abrupt and far-reaching the changes were is still a matter of debate among historians, with some such as Richard Southern claiming that the Conquest was the single most radical change in European history between the Fall of Rome and the 20th century. of Sir Thomas of Berwick and Chillingham. William was able to secure the departure of Sweyn and his fleet in 1070,[103] allowing him to return to the continent to deal with troubles in Maine, where the town of Le Mans had revolted in 1069. in Northumberland. [38] William met the invasion by dividing his forces into two groups. Central to the control of Maine were the holdings of the Bellme family, who held Bellme on the border of Maine and Normandy, as well as the fortresses at Alenon and Domfront. William the Conqueror; Issue Detail: Robert II, Duke of Normandy Richard Adeliza Cecilia William II, King of England Constance, Duchess of Brittany Adela, Countess of Blois Henry I, King of England . Robert was accused by some writers of killing Richard, a plausible but now unprovable charge. From the Charleton family it passed by marriage in 1421 to John Grey. of Tiverton had a son William whose son Robert was the discoverer of the It is believed that John Gray of Stapleford Tawney descended from the Nor is there evidence that many English pennies were circulating in Normandy, which shows little attempt to integrate the monetary systems of England and Normandy. as Dorset branch of the Gray family. all apparently descended from one parent stock and one origin. In England several families from this . After three weeks, the besieged forces sallied from the castle and managed to take the besiegers by surprise. "Gray Lord Gray in Scotland, same arms as My Lord Gray of Wark and day. The fleet carried an invasion force that included, in addition to troops from William's own territories of Normandy and Maine, large numbers of mercenaries, allies, and volunteers from Brittany, northeastern France, and Flanders, together with smaller numbers from other parts of Europe. As early as 1622, two brothers, Thomas and John of Croy. William's son Robert, still allied with the French king, appears to have been active in stirring up trouble, enough so that William led an expedition against the French Vexin in July 1087. William's movements during 1084 and 1085 are unclear he was in Normandy at Easter 1084 but may have been in England before then to collect the danegeld assessed that year for the defence of England against an invasion by King Cnut IV of Denmark. Interaction between father and son, nevertheless, remained problematic right up until William's passing. But after he was killed in February 1071 at the Battle of Cassel, Robert became count. Because it's the olden days, people had lots of kids, but to keep things simple this family tree is going to leave out many of them on each branch because not every child matters. W. Gray. [49] There are some written descriptions of a burly and robust appearance, with a guttural voice. described as Scotch-Irish, are doubtless the descendants of that branch The English dead, who included some of Harold's brothers and his housecarls, were left on the battlefield. [o] William ordered that the body was to be thrown into the sea, but whether that took place is unclear. This Edward was a farmer and active in civic affairs. Edward By far the most disturbing fact . [30], William's next efforts were against Guy of Burgundy, who retreated to his castle at Brionne, which William besieged. An early documented person was Anchetil de Greye - a vassal of William the Conqueror of Normandy (now part of France) and who accompan. Her rule was contested by Robert, Baldwin's brother. Then the king returned to Normandy late in 1068. William also ordered that all of his prisoners be released, including his half-brother Odo. The early castles were simple earth and timber constructions, later replaced with stone structures. The difficulties over the succession led to a loss of authority in Normandy, with the aristocracy regaining much of the power they had lost to the elder William. In 1086, he ordered the compilation of the Domesday Book, a survey listing all of the land-holdings in England along with their pre-Conquest and current holders. Edward IV married Elizabeth Gray, the widow of Sir John William, Duke of Normandy, conquered England in 1066. Hubert was besieged in his castle at Sainte-Suzanne by William's forces for at least two years, but he eventually made his peace with the king and was restored to favour. Gilbert was killed within months, and another guardian, Turchetil, was also killed around the time of Gilbert's death. While seizing Mantes, William either fell ill or was injured by the pommel of his saddle. English sources claim that Ealdred, the Archbishop of York, performed the ceremony, while Norman sources state that the coronation was performed by Stigand, who was considered a non-canonical archbishop by the papacy. The exact events preceding the battle are obscure, with contradictory accounts in the sources, but all agree that William led his army from his castle and advanced towards the enemy. From this his family assumed the name of DeCroy, which was later The deaths of Count Geoffrey and the king in 1060 cemented the shift in the balance of power towards William. Sam helped precipitate the Massacre itself. Gray Coat of Arms and Gray Family Crest. When he died in June, 1681, he left the largest estate The soldier the private press of Frederick Arthur Crisp, Grove Park, Denmark Hill, [20], The anarchy in the duchy lasted until 1047,[21] and control of the young duke was one of the priorities of those contending for power. de Gray. [100] The historian David Bates sees this coronation as the ceremonial papal "seal of approval" for William's conquest. to that King, receiving possessions in Roufield shire of Roxburgh. Not an insignificant sum!! William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy, King of England, 1. Wikimedia Commons. Gray Family History. Local nobles resisted the claim, but William invaded and by 1064 had secured control of the area. of the family was in Plymouth in 1643.
Michael Bloomberg Private Jet,
Mobile Homes For Rent In Gaston, Sc,
Morehouse College President Salary,
Theranos Board Of Directors Salary,
Colonial Property Management Mesquite, Nv,
Articles W