Narrator:By the fall of 1835, anti-abolitionist violence was closing in on Boston. Men and women, black and white, Northerners and Southerners, poor and wealthy, these passionate anti-slavery activists fought body and soul in the most important civil rights crusade in American history. But he understood that his personal testimony could help transform the struggle. For three years Douglass shoveled coal, cut wood, and loaded ships, often working two shifts a day. Ian Mosley-Duffy Laina Kaffenberger Tell us everything you heard -- slowly. For three days, he was lost in a terrifying haze of fever and delirium. American Experience The Abolitionists Teaching Resources | TPT The slaughter of the first two years of war was but a prelude. Douglass brushed the talk aside. James Thompson A few months earlier, scores of abolitionists had descended on New York for a training session. In 1837, for example, a mob attacked and killed the antislavery editor Elijah P. Lovejoy in Alton, Illinois. I feel, my Theodore, that we are the two halves of one whole, two bodies animated by one soul, and that the Lord has given us to each other. And Douglass doesn't even tell him first-hand. Twenty-five? William Lloyd Garrison. Troublemakers. We lived far from the slave quarters, and so I didn't know what went on there. I can assure you Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):And I can assure you that you'll be walking into a perfect steel trap R. Blakeslee Gilpin, Historian:He's talking about invading the South and occupying the South and taking over the South, sort of building this republic out, one mile at a time, and that republic is going to be a new country. William Lloyd Garrison (Neal Huff, audio):My Dear Wife: I am going to try to write you a few lines with my own hand. Matt Nicholas Franky Garrison (Jacob Washburn):The fort's burning. At last, the squabbling abolitionist factions came together again, including, above all, Frederick Douglass and William Lloyd Garrison. PDF than you have been -- ~Henry Highland Garnet - University of North Kenneth McCallum, Best Boy Grips By this time, a company of U.S. Marines had arrived, under the command of Colonel Robert E. Lee. Jim Briggs III United American Costume Company Others, like Prosser, Vesey, and Turner, were black men and women who had been born into a life of slavery HARRIET BEECHER STOWE In 1811, Harriet Beecher was born in Connecticut. Julie Roy Jeffrey, Historian:Garrison meets with a group of black abolitionists and he receives very positive support. It was on a covert swing through Boston that John Brown finally met William Lloyd Garrison for the first time. Angelina Grimk (Jeanine Serralles):It is my business! I have lost 20 pounds, and am quite thin and weak Narrator:Douglass reluctantly left Garrison in Cleveland, to finish the speaking tour on his own. It was a tribute to fervent ideals, generosity, and love, to the bitterness and the passions that had moved men and women to bend the arc of history. James Brewer Stewart, Historian:Once the firing happens on Fort Sumter, Garrison wraps himself in the flag. The city's vibrant abolitionist community welcomed Douglass with open arms. From here, we can strike a blow against the slave masters. At the Music Hall, William Lloyd Garrison and Harriet Beecher Stowe attended a concert with some of the city's most distinguished figures. James Brewer Stewart, Historian:They had seen through their own religious culture the conversion of people from the condition of being a sinner to being sanctified. Julie Roy Jeffrey, Historian:I think he recognized that this was a turning point. Narrator:For Harriet Beecher Stowe, the wound of Charley's death would never heal. A mammoth undertaking, it was an irrefutable answer to the argument that slavery was a necessary and benevolent institution. Students complete a lesson on abolitionism that is structured around film clips from American Experience: The Abolitionists. John Brown (T. Ryder Smith):Well, sir: In one stroke we shall rouse this nation. Film Watch Film | Freedom Riders The powerful, harrowing and ultimately inspirational story of six months in 1961 that changed America. Garrison and his followers had failed to convert the slaveholders. I have never seen an audience so captivated. Each Google Slide/PowerPoint is a stand-alone lesson, now embedded with primary source documents that frame each lesson. I will defend you with my life. In the 1820s, Charleston's aristocracy was one of the wealthiest societies on earth. A key is included to check for accuracy and to provide to Special Education students for differentiation. And I think this is very appealing to anti-slavery Northerners who are really giving up almost on the political system and on nonviolent resistance. Besides, I was growing, and needed room. David Roberts Alan Davis Still, Garrison was wary: Lincoln seemed to be hedging. I'd hoped to meet you long before this. Narrator:Garrison and the other abolitionists took up the call. And this, Garrison felt, was a fitting occasion to print the last. Dick Spaulding Tom Dinardo He wanted immediate abolition -- the complete eradication of the institution, everywhere and forever. Kate Lyn Sheil Friends Historical Library of Swarthmore College As fate would have it, he had come upon the new home of Harriet Beecher Stowe and her family, including a newborn named after the baby they had buried in Cincinnati. I was nothing before. And abolitionists are accorded a newfound respect that they had never experienced before. Shields Green (Thomas Coleman):I believe I'll go with the old man. Incessant rains flooded the streets with sewage that spread the epidemic with terrifying speed. Narrator:When the Compromise was finally sealed in late September, abolitionists were horrified. Animals & Historic Transportation Provided by Crystal CuppMrs. Grimk Just a few weeks earlier, the president of the United States had sent a massive detachment of federal troops to Boston, all to return a lone runaway slave to captivity. Third Assailant (Actor):Come on, let's take him down to the others. Try to recover him." Jacob WashburnFranky Garrison Their influence extended from urban centers like Philadelphia and New York to remote settlements like Cincinnati, a boomtown on the Western Frontier. As Douglass said, Lincoln's "paper Proclamation must now be made iron, lead, and fire." Narrator:Shortly after arriving in Boston, Garrison happened to meet an itinerant publisher who was raising money for his one-man anti-slavery newspaper. Twenty years of struggle had yielded not emancipation but a million more slaves, and a political agreement to preserve the institution in the United States forever. He hides out at a friend's place in Philadelphia, and in fact he finds out from the telegraph operator in Philadelphia that the president of the United States on down has put out the equivalent of an all-points bulletin. In the summer of 1849, the fight over slavery was suddenly eclipsed as cholera swept through cities across the country. It's also an example of how the institution of slavery not only degrades slaves, but it degrades the master. She kept the children close to home, and maintained a cheerful disposition. It's not an abolitionist party. To help students recognize the complex nature of the slave narrative and its combination of varied literary traditions and devices, this lesson explores Brown's work from a variety of perspectives. Anthony Burns had fled Virginia and slavery by stowing away on a ship bound for the North. Narrator:For William Lloyd Garrison and Frederick Douglass, it was the last straw. R. Blakeslee Gilpin, Historian:Southerners have a right to be outraged. Michael Lair Susan Millar Wallace James, Jr. Mary Brown (Denise Ellington):May I get you anything else, Mr. Douglass? It contains 16 questions from a great history website and includes questions that cover, resource includes a detailed teacher key for ease of assessment.This resource will help your students unde, stories of Frederick Douglass, William Lloyd Garrison, John Brown, Angelina Grimke and Harriet Beecher Stowe. The war! The media assets in this collection feature historical reenactments and expert interviews that . They fear that persecution and hardships are to grow more and more grievous with every year. So to have a person like Douglass gave the anti-slavery cause teeth; it gave it authenticity; it gave it a new voice. Within months, he was thrown in prison for vilifying a slave trader. Frita Walker James Brewer Stewart, Historian:The South Carolina legislature put a bounty on Garrison's head: $15,000 if you deliver his body, I think more if you delivered the whole man alive. What the country just said, from the heart of the government, is that slavery is forever. James Traynor There, far from the violence and upheaval of abolition's front lines, they would take up their most influential work. On the floor of the United States Senate, Brooks beat Sumner with the gold head of his heavy cane as Sumner struggled to free himself from his desk. Steven Hurwitz The Collection of the Madison County Historical Society, Oneida, NY He and his daughter Rosetta had booked passage to Haiti, with an eye to emigrating there with his family. Oscar Contreras Donna Jerome Viola He's a saint." You can't be serious. William Lloyd Garrison (Neal Huff):My dear Mr. Douglass -- join me. Angelina Grimk (Jeanine Serralles):May the sun continue to shine as it now does, and may our Father guide us in love through the rest of our pilgrimage. R. Blakeslee Gilpin, Historian:She realizes that the way to do this was by playing on the heartstrings. I have no language to express the feelings of my heart. Mary Dutton (Virginia Fields):He wants to be noticed! In Charleston, copies were publicly burned, and the mayor warned her mother that if Angelina ever dared visit Charleston again she would be thrown in jail. The first leaders of the campaign, which took place from about 1830 to 1870, mimicked some. / Let cares, like a wild deluge come Narrator:Garrison lost interest in gradual emancipation. It was an immediate and an immense bestseller. As the arguments escalated, Angelina began linking the rights of enslaved people to the rights of women. Narrator:In the spring of 1833, Harriet and two friends crossed over the river into neighboring Kentucky. American Experience: The Abolitionists. In September of 1838, escaped slave Frederick Douglass and abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison met in Nantucket. David W. Blight, Historian:The first American Republic, the one invented in the Revolution in the late 18th century, had to die. West Virginia State Archives, Boyd B. Stutler Collection Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):Mr. Lincoln is a genuine representative of American prejudice and Negro hatred, and far more concerned for the preservation of slavery than for any principle of justice and humanity. On the 21st of May, 1856, a posse of 800 Southerners surrounded the free soil capital of Lawrence, Kansas. He was a fugitive. "You will receive a zip file which contains a multi-episode bundle of all 3 Video Response Worksheets and Keys in PDF format and access to all 3 TpT Digital Activities for studen. The Abolitionists Part 3 PBS A Viewing Guide Questions American Experience Plunged into poverty, Garrison's mother left her children for years on end as she looked for work. How can you stand in church every week Mrs. Grimk (Crystal Cupp):You must let it be! Though Garrison gave a rousing speech, Angelina's head was turned by a striking young theologian who ran most of the sessions. He worked through the night, producing a radical document that crystallized his own beliefs, especially his faith in the power of nonviolence. Northerners were flooding Congress with anti-slavery petitions. Firemen stood aside and watched it burn. Theodore Weld (Steve Annan):And I reject all authority, all government, save the influence which love gives us over each other. That narrative was published in 1845. TheNew York Globeurged that, "No public building, not even the streets, must be desecrated by such a gathering of traitors." Jim Mayfield, Second Assistant Camera Angelina Grimk (Jeanine Serralles, audio):I know you do not make the laws but I also know that you are the wives and mothers, sisters and daughters of those who do. Section 14.2 The Abolitionists Flashcards | Quizlet The New-York Historical Society His reservations about Lincoln had vanished entirely. Slavery marches right up into Massachusetts and now Northerners get to see the face of evil. Together with Shields Green, a fugitive he had befriended in Rochester, Douglass quietly made his way to a stone quarry at Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. Colby Bartine When Garrison appeared, the freedmen seized him joyfully and carried him on their shoulders around the square. John Stauffer, Historian:Douglass suddenly becomes the most wanted man in the United States. Leiv CleggTeenaged Frederick Douglass There, Angelina discreetly followed reports of the abolitionist movement. Getty Images Almost 50 abolitionist groups formed in 10 states. & Paul Fouquet, C.S.A. This viewing guide provides guiding questions for students for, and an exit ticket to check for understanding. Douglass remembered being unable to listen to the speakers, as he kept his eye on the door. And when she read it to her family they were all crying and they said, "Mama, you've got to write the rest of the story.". Can you do that? Josh Mumford Angelina Grimk (Jeanine Serralles):Mother, it is my duty to bear testimony against Mrs. Grimk (Crystal Cupp):Angelina, mind your own business. Southerners perceived a mortal threat, and talked openly of secession. His eulogy was more than a memorial to one man. He had few friends or allies. Ashton Green Barry Davis Zareh Mozian As he contemplated his future, Douglass could imagine himself traveling forever in the shadow of his white mentors, repeating his story to small gatherings of the curious and the converted. (c) 2013 Douglass! And Douglass had a secret. Early abolition (article) | Khan Academy But one has to see the Devil in order to then turn towards God. George Eastman House, International Museum of Photography and Film James Bradbury It's like a family quarrel where they're airing each other's dirty laundry, and it's not a pretty sight. Quizzes with auto-grading, and real-time student data. And more and more and more as the war goes on, it's a realization that many, many Northerners come to share. Dorry Marie Julia Griffiths' editorial skills and business savvy keptThe North Starafloat. Throwing caution to the winds, he published the story of his life. Julie Buck The postal campaign became a phenomenon. Robert Spencer, Key Grips How're you gentleman doing this nice, warm Kentucky day? Furniture carts and common vehicles are being employed for the removal of the dead. Paul Stober Special Collections, Lavery Library, St. John Fisher College, Rochester, NY Post Production Video Services By refusing to disappear, to be silenced, to accommodate, they had forced millions of Americans to take a stand on slavery, one way or the other. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):My mother was named Harriet Bailey. Chris Paz Narrator:George Latimer had arrived in Boston in the fall of 1842, only to be thrown in jail at the request of a Virginia planter. T. Ryder Smith, Edited by Charles Williamson But the Union had to win, or the Proclamation would mean nothing. Narrator:Through it all, Lincoln seemed immovable. Seth Wood Cara White, Post Production At one of their first appearances, Garrison couldn't even finish his speech as the audience drowned him out with chants of Douglass! R. Mark Hughes, Leadmen How many slaves have you freed? Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks, audio):I was a changed being after that fight. Jaizelle Hanna-Stendardo There was almost no one left to remember the Revolution. He ignored the warnings. What if that mob should burst in upon us and commit violence on our persons? Kenneth Peebles William Lloyd Garrison (Neal Huff):No, no I don't. And so the original intention of the abolitionists was to tell the slaveholders to repent and that they would. Quizzes with auto-grading, and real-time student data. Josh Allen Add highlights, virtual manipulatives, and more. Northerners began sending clothing and food to the embattled free-soil settlers. Mary Lugo David W. Blight, Historian:The sensation Douglass felt at that moment is, "Oh, God, what comes now? That was Garrison! They flew a blood-red flag on which was inscribed "Southern Rights." It is not light that is needed, but fire; it is not the gentle shower, but thunder. But, some made it. "While I will continue to write and speak against slavery," Douglass wrote, "I have become less hopeful of its peaceful abolition. Tony Horwitz, Author:What Brown has done, ultimately, is just to expose the depth of the divide between North and South. And, like practically every other abolitionist, endorses the war, for the Union, as a war to eliminate slavery. Amistad Research Center at Tulane University, New Orleans, LA I realized with deep satisfaction that I was not alone in abhorring slavery. The City of Petersburg, VA The Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University TPT empowers educators to teach at their best. Grimk set about writingAn Appeal to the Women of the South, urging them to work for the downfall of slavery. The final blow came when Garrison published ugly insinuations about an affair between Douglass and Julia Griffiths. Garrison was too wary of politics to get involved, but he did meet quietly with one of Lincoln's emissaries. He would whip to make her scream, and whip to make her hush. A stone-throwing crowd had recently forced one of Garrison's allies to abandon a speech. Now that this man has filled up the measure of his years, now that the leaf has fallen to the ground as all leaves must fall, let us guard his memory, let us try to imitate his virtues, and endeavor as he did to leave the world freer, nobler, and better than we found it. Mother! Tom Trigo, Location Assistants All those efforts to contain this issue couldn't work any more. The Abolitionists - Episode 2: 1838-1854 - Video Response Worksheet Why were you raised by your grandmother -- what about your mother? Only a few can now tell from actual experience something of the darkness and peril that brooded over the land when the anti-slavery movement was born. When he left London to return home in the spring of 1847, 1,400 people came to see him off. They could feel the strength of their growing numbers -- the time had come to unify their far-flung groups into one national anti-slavery society. Paris Jones Lois Brown, Historian:For Garrison, the work of abolition was about trying to make people come to a moment of conscience, and act accordingly. Mr. Green, you've heard Mr. Brown. I am glad -- I suppose -- that you are so diligent about your faith. They're not gonna be hung. Kacy GabbertJohn Browns Daughter My father was a white man -- it was whispered that my master was my father, but of this I know nothing. I was never so happy and confident as I am at the present time. John Brown (T. Ryder Smith):Mr. Douglass! Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):Freedom is a long road, Mr. Brown. Frederick Douglass (Richard Brooks):My mother? What but the meanest selfishness stimulates this scheme? There is a kind of work that Garrison can do, precisely because he is a white man in America in the 1830s. That left a hole -- I can't express it. Tony Horwitz, Author:Pottawatomie scares, but also enrages, pro-slavery forces who don't need much incitement to violence. John Brown put little stock inabolition through peaceful means. Meanwhile, a few miles outside the city, anti-slavery activists marked the occasion in a very different spirit. On the morning of March 7th, 1857, the papers brought stunning news. But he was out of their reach. First Assailant (Actor):All right. Kate Murray Finally, blinded by his own blood, Sumner collapsed into the aisle, and lost consciousness. Joan D. Hedrick, Historian:In the Calvinist scheme of things, if God sent you suffering it was because he loved you and he wanted to teach you something. American Experience: The Abolitionists - amazon.com Within a few years, almost every other Northern state had followed suit. Many abolitionists agreed. It must be crushed, it must be changed and reinvented. Adam Ferguson Students first consider the narrative as a historical record, examining episodes that describe the conditions Brown lived through as a slave. Frederick Douglass. Carol Berkin, Historian:Angelina thinks he walks on water. They've already been committing it, and now it's let loose the dogs of war. We sit here, all of us, debating this point of law, whether the Constitution says this or that, and in the meantime, day after day, year after year, the slaveholders are free to do their worst. And suddenly he had an idea that he had a much expanded mission that did not simply speak to the question of slavery but spoke to the question of race. In March of 1843, Massachusetts complied with their demands by passing the Personal Liberty Act. I cant recollect of ever seeing her by the light of day. You're beautiful. When Garrison died in 1879 at the age of 73, Frederick Douglass was transported to the days of his youth, to the days when, as a newly escaped slave, he had first heard William Lloyd Garrison, and thought him the new Moses. In the summer of 1829, Garrison moved to Baltimore, to take a job at the publisher's newspaper. Everett Grant Within a year the Anti-Slavery Society had flooded the nation with over a million pieces of abolitionist literature, along with medals, emblems, bandanas, chocolate wrappers, songs, and readers for small children. Diana Mankowski, Set Coordinators Michael Bolt Brown spends the same amount of time trying to convince Douglass to go to Harpers Ferry with him to be his right-hand man.
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